Ten minutes before the steering meeting your numbers are out of date. How to revise a forecast live — and gain credibility while doing it.
C1 · Monologue · 5 Min. · free
Tip: listen to the episode twice before you start the test. · Worksheet (PDF)
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Transcript
Key phrases
Language notes
In this episode a programme manager revises his budget forecast live in the steering meeting: flagging the change ("I need to flag …"), quantifying honestly with ranges ("in the region of") and agreeing a deadline with "by". You learn the C1 language for revising forecasts — and why German "bis Freitag" is "by Friday" in English, not "until Friday".
Markus never states an exact figure he cannot defend. He works with "roughly", "in the region of" and "at this stage, this is an estimate". This graded precision is a hallmark of C1 English: the speaker signals exactly how reliable each statement is. A precise number you have to retract next week costs more trust than an honest range today.
German "bis" covers two English words, and the choice is not optional: "by Friday" marks a deadline — the action is completed at or before that point. "Until Friday" describes a state that continues up to that point and then stops ("I am in meetings until noon"). "You will have it until Friday" sounds to English ears as if the document disappears again on Friday. Rule of thumb: delivery takes "by", duration takes "until".
German business culture punishes hidden changes far more than surprising ones — and internationally the same holds, if the language is right: "I would rather give you a robust figure on Friday than an impressive one today" turns the delay into a promise of quality. Whoever flags a correction themselves controls the narrative; whoever conceals it leaves the narrative to chance — or to the steering committee.
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Frequently asked questions
Level C1 (CEFR). The monologue uses nuanced business English with graded certainty ("roughly", "in the region of"); the vocabulary list explains all eight key phrases bilingually.
In three steps: flag the change immediately ("I need to flag a change"), quantify it honestly with a range ("an overrun in the region of …") and commit to a firm deadline with "by" ("You will have it by Friday").
"By Friday" is a deadline: the action is completed on or before Friday. "Until Friday" describes a state that continues up to Friday and then stops. German "bis" covers both — which is why "until" for deadlines is the most common German error in scheduling.
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